Proposal [II]
Collective Executive System for
Presidential Chancellery System
This proposal is in favor of a Collective Executive System within a branched Constitutional System [1] [2] (hybrid system).
[… A congressional system, is a system of government where the executive branch exists and presides (hence the term) separate from the legislature and judicial branches, to which it is not accountable, and which cannot in normal circumstances dismiss it. …]
THE PRESIDENTIAL CHANCELLERY
Operation of the Presidential Chancellery
President and Vice President of the Chancellery:
Every two year, one of the ten Presidents is in the position of President of the Chancellery, as the Presidency is rotated to each regional seat.
One of the ten Presidents is also in the position of Vice President. By convention, the positions of President and Vice President rotate bi-annually, each Region thus holding Vice President and then President every five years. The President and Vice President shall be balance by Male and Female counterparts, and rotation structured so that each Region shall have either a Male or Female in successive turn.
According to the ‘Order of Precedence’, the President of the Chancellery is the highest-ranking official. He or She presides over Chancellery meetings and carries out certain representative functions that, in other countries, are the business of the Head of State. In urgent situations where a Chancellery decision cannot be made in time, he or she is empowered to act on behalf of the whole Chancellery. Apart from that, though, he or she is a primus inter pares, having no power above and beyond the other nine Presidents.
The President is not the "head of state" (this function is carried out by the Chancellery in corpore, that is, in its entirety). However, it has become customary that the President acts and is recognized as head of state while conducting official visits abroad, as the Chancellery (also by convention) doesn't leave the country in corpore. More often, though, official visits abroad are carried out by the head of the Department of Foreign Affairs. Visiting heads of state are received by the Presidential Chancellery in corpore.
Chancellery Meetings:
The Presidential Chancellery
operates mainly through weekly meetings, which are held each Wednesday at the
Capital in
Apart from the ten Presidents, the following officials also attend the meetings:
* Secretary Chancellor: As government chief-of-staff participates in the discussion but has no vote in the Chancellery's decisions. Nonetheless, the influential position is often referred to as that of an "eleventh Presidential Chancellor".
* The Vice-President: The Vice Chancellor is the spokesman of the Presidential Chancellery and conducts the weekly press briefing after the meeting.
After the meetings, the Presidents always take lunch together. The Chancellery also meets regularly in conclave to discuss important topics at length, and annually conducts what is colloquially referred to as its "school excursion", a day trip to some attractions in the President's home Region. In that and other respects, the Chancellery operates not unlike a board of directors of a major corporation.
Decisions and Responsibilities:
Each President heads a government two departments, much like the ministers in the governments of other countries. However, as Chancellery members they are not only responsible for their own departments, but also for the business of their colleagues' departments as well, and for the conduct of the government and the Presidential administration as a whole.
Decisions to be taken by the Chancellery are always prepared by the responsible department. Before a vote is taken at a Chancellery meeting, though, all proposals are circulated in writing to the heads of departments, who commission the senior career officials of their department - the heads of the Presidential Offices - to prepare a written response to offer criticism and suggestions. This is called the co-report procedure (Mitberichtsverfahren / procédure de co-rapport), designed to build a wide consensus ahead of a Chancellery meeting.
To prepare for important decisions, an additional public consultation is sometimes conducted, to which the Regions, the political parties and major interest groups are invited, and in which all members of the public can participate. If it is a change in a legal statute is to be proposed to the Electoral Assembly, this step is mandated by law. In such cases, the consultation procedure also serves to identify political concerns that could later be the focus of a popular referendum to stop passage of the bill at issue.
The decisions themselves are formally taken by voice vote by a majority of the Presidents present at a meeting. However, the great majorities of decisions are arrived at by consensus; even though lately there is said to be a trend towards more contentious discussions and close votes.
THE OFFICE OF REGIONAL
PRESIDENT
Regional Presidency
The Presidential Chancellery cabinet [Collegiate System] is composed of ten (10) Presidents, one from each Regional metric.
Regional Electorates:
1. Africa
2. North Asia
3. South Asia
7. Europe
8. Oceania
9. Middle East
10. Tribal Nations
These positions are in equal stature [as in the Swiss System] with the “Presidential” position being ‘first among equals’ [Primus inter pares].
The Presidencies are elected for a 2 year term from each of the ten regional electorates by direct vote, and terms of the Presidency are staggered so that the Regional representation is rotated into each Presidential Office Cabinet position.
Further, ‘Equally Balanced Representation of the Sexes’, Male and Female shall be utilized in alternating terms of the Regional Presidency. In that Five Male and Five Female, Presidents shall be seated at all times.
Example: [M/F Alternate upon Term]
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. Tribal Nations Male
DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENTIAL CHANCELLERY CABINET
The ten Presidents participate in meetings with a consultative vote and prepare the reports on policy and activities of the chancellery to the legislature. The chancellery is responsible for the publication of all Presidential laws.
Under the doctrine of separation of powers, a cabinet under a Presidential Chancellery Cabinet system of government does not function as a policy-making branch of the legislature (Regional Electoral Assembly).
In this system, the Presidential Chancellery members are not legislators; they carry out legislative actions rather than making them. In addition to administering his or her segment of the executive branch, each Presidential Chancellery member heads cabinet personnel whom are responsible for advising their respective Presidential Chancellor on areas within his or her purview. They are appointed by and serve at the pleasure of the Presidential Chancellor; they are strongly subordinate to the executive and can be replaced at any time. The executive is free to select anyone, subject to Congressional confirmation.
Normally, the legislature or a segment thereof must confirm the appointment of a cabinet member; this is one of the many checks and balances built into a presidential system. The legislature may also remove a cabinet member through a usually difficult impeachment process.
The Chancellery Cabinet Office Positions
[The following ‘Department Titles’ are for example purpose only, reserve revisions for final Draft.]
1. Department of Foreign
Affairs*
Department of Environmental
Protection
2. Department of Justice
Department of Labor
3. Department of Education
Department of Agriculture
4. Department of the Interior
Department of Transportation
5. Department of Health &
Human Services
Department of Archives &
Libraries
6. Department of the Treasury
Department of Trade
7. Department of Management and
Budget
Department of Infrastructure & IT
Development
8. Department of Energy
Department of Scientific Research
& Development
9. Department of Security
Department of Recreation
10. Department of Commerce
Department of Small Business Administration
* President (Primus inter pares)
Functions of these Departments are carried out by the Presidential Chancellor’s appointed Staff. Staff members are required to be a citizen of the Chancellor’s region and may server two terms; one under a Male Chancellor and the other under a Female Chancellor.
The Presidential Chancellery presides over the entire Staff and is responsible for the activities, conduct, and disciplinary actions of the Staff members.
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Illustrations:
Lab Models: Executive System Model v1.0
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Reference Notes:
Chancellery Cabinet [Collegiate System]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabinet_collective_responsibility
Presidential System
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_system
President of the Swiss Confederation
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_Swiss_Confederation
Primus inter pares
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primus_inter_pares